Topics

1. what is Internet and How does Internet works?

2. what is Network, Types of Networks?

3. what is OSI Model and TCP/IP Model ?

4. Understanding Network Protocols and Ports

Understanding the Internet and Networking Basics🌐

1️⃣ What is the Internet & How its Works? 🤔

The internet is a global network that connects computers, servers, phones, and other devices, allowing users to communicate and share information. 

How its Works:

• Data Transmission: When you visit a website, your request travels through networks using protocols like HTTP.

• Servers & Clients: Websites are stored on servers, and your device acts as a client requesting data.

• Routing: Data packets travel through routers and switches to reach their destination.

• ISP (Internet Service Provider): Companies like AT&T or Comcast provide access to the internet.

2️⃣ What is Networking and Types of Networks

A Network is a group of interconnected device that share data.

Types of Networks:

1. WAN (Wide Area Network): 🌍 Covers large distances, like the internet.

2. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network):🏙 Covers a city or town.

3. LAN (Local Area Network):🏡 Used in homes and offices, covering a small area.

4. PAN (Personal Area Network):📱 Connects personal devices like Bluetooth gadgets.

3️⃣ What is OSI Model & TCP/IP Model

🌍 OSI Model (Open Systems Interconnection Model)

The OSI Model is conceptual framework how data moves through a network in seven layers.

The Seven Layers of OSI Model:

1. Physical Layer (Hardware based): Hardware & Transmission (Network cables, Wi-Fi signals 📶)

2. Data Link Layer (Hardware based): Mac Addressing and Error Detection (MAC addressing (Switches & Ethernet) 🔄)

3. Network Layer (Hardware based): Routing & IP Addressing (IP Addressing & routing (Router) 📡)

4. Transport Layer: Data Delivery and Reliability (Reliable data transfer (TCP) 📦)

5. Session Layer (Software based): Connection Management (Online banking login session 💳)

6. Presentation Layer (Software based): Data Formatting and Encryption (Data encryption (SSL/TLS) 🔐)

7. Application Layer (Software based): User Interaction (Web browsing (HTTP/HTTPS) 🌐)

🌍 TCP/IP Model (Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol)

The TCP/IP Model is a simpler, real world model used for internet communications. It consists of FOUR Layers:

1. Application Layer (User applications): Sending an email (SMTP, IMAP, POP3) 📧

2. Transport Layer (End-to-end communication): Downloading a file (TCP) 📥

3. Internet Layer (Routing): Google Maps using IP to fetch data 🗺️

4. Network Layer (Physical transmission): Connecting to a Wi-Fi network 📡

🎭Real-Life Scenarios to Understand

1. Application Layer: You open YouTube on your browser.

2. Transport Layer: TCP ensures smooth video streaming.

3. Internet Layer: Data packets travel across different networks.

Network Layer: Your Wi-Fi or Ethernet transmits the video data.

4️⃣Understanding Network Protocols and Ports

Understanding network protocols is crucial. These protocols help in communication between servers, applications and cloud services.

1. HTTP(Hypertext transfer protocol): HTTP is the foundation of data communication on the web. eg-www.google.com. [Port 80 🌐]

2. HTTPs (Hypertext transfer protocol secure): HTTPs is the secure version of HTTP. HTTPs encrypts data using SSL/TLS. [Port 443 🔒]

3. FTP (File transfer protocol): FTP is used for transferring files between a client and a server over a network. [Port 21 📁]

4. SSH (Secure Shell): SSH is a protocol for securely accessing remote servers. [Port 22 🔑]

DNS (Domain Name): DNS translates human-readable domain into IP addresses. [Port 53 🌎]

🌟 Conclusion

As a DevOps Engineer understanding these networking concepts helps in navigating the digital world efficiently. These protocols and models ensure seamless communication, secure data transfer, and efficient cloud operations. These basics form the foundation of networking Knowing these basics is essential for anyone using Internet.